海事行业应关注人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT的问世。ChatGPT能够有针对性地编写具备说服力的钓鱼电子邮件。如果用户点击邮件中的恶意链接，可能会跳转至钓鱼网站，从而被窃取个人信息。在海事领域，黑客可以攻击并入侵船上信息(IT)系统，影响船员及乘客的互联网接入（包括以太网、Wi-Fi连接）和船舶的娱乐系统网络，并以此为突破口，转而攻击船舶操作(OT)系统。ChatGPT还可以帮助黑客编写恶意代码，控制船舶OT网络，进行勒索软件攻击。由此可见，ChatGPT逐渐成为了黑客开展各类攻击的“利器”。因此，加强船舶网络安全，开展员工安全意识培训等变得越来越重要。

The maritime industry should be concerned by the release of ChatGPT, an AI chatbot. ChatGPT can be used to write persuasive and personalised phishing emails. If a user clicks on a malicious link, they would likely be taken to a website which infects malware onto their computer or discloses their login credentials to attackers. The attacker can infect and access the IT segment onboard the vessel. IT segment includes crew and passengers’ internet access (Ethernet and Wi-Fi connections) and entertainment system networks. They can pivot from there to the vessel’s operational technology (OT) environment. ChatGPT can also help attackers write malicious code which helps them control the OT network, for instance through a ransomware attack. These types of attacks become more accessible to a variety of attackers with the use of ChatGPT. Therefore, this makes cyber security measures, including staff training and awareness campaigns for phishing emails increasingly important.

三菱重工(MHI)集团旗下的三菱造船株式会社已向日本发动机株式会社(J-ENG)顺利交付用于大型低速二冲程船用发动机的氨燃料供应系统。目前，在位于日本长崎的MHI研究与创新中心，J-ENG正对其实验性大型低速二冲程船用发动机进行各种条件下的氨燃料测试。由三菱造船提供的氨燃料供应系统已经安装到该发动机上。此外，日本造船（Nihon Shipyard）、日本发动机株式会社和日本船级社（ClassNK）透露，世界上第一台四冲程氨燃料发动机已经完成了共燃比为80%的燃料氨稳定燃烧的陆基试验。随着氨成为减少温室气体排放的关键因素，曼恩能源、三菱造船等企业已率先采取行动，进一步推进航运业的能源转型。

Mitsubishi Shipbuilding, a part of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Group, has delivered an ammonia fuel supply system for large, low-speed two-stroke marine engines to Japan Engine Corporation (J-ENG). J-ENG is actively testing ammonia fuel under diverse conditions using an experimental large-scale, low-speed two-stroke marine engine located at the MHI Research & Innovation Center in Nagasaki District, Japan. The ammonia fuel supply system supplied by Mitsubishi Shipbuilding has been installed at the Nagasaki District facility, and supplies the ammonia fuel used to conduct the tests. In addition, Nihon Shipyard, Japan Engine Corporation and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) revealed that the world’s first four-stroke ammonia-fueled engine had completed a land-based test for the stable combustion of fuel ammonia having an 80% co-firing ratio. With ammonia emerging as a key player in reducing GHG emissions, companies like MAN Energy Solutions and Mitsubishi Shipbuilding are spearheading initiatives to revolutionize the industry’s energy sources.

根据克拉克森最新数据，全球现有邮轮船队中9%的船舶具备使用替代燃料的条件，约25%的船舶集成了船用节能技术。液化天然气(LNG)是目前船用替代燃料的主流，部分船东也在积极开发和应用甲醇燃料。数据表明，作为实现脱碳目标的一部分，邮轮行业正在推进使用替代燃料。目前，替代燃料船舶在新船订单中占比65%。值得注意的是，芬兰Meyer Turku船厂正在为皇家加勒比旗下的途易邮轮建造全球首艘甲醇预留豪华邮轮“Mein Schiff 7”号。此外，迪士尼邮轮公司已经收购了目前正在德国Meyer Werft船厂建造的“环球梦(Global Dream)”号邮轮，这将是邮轮行业中首批使用绿色甲醇的邮轮之一。

The latest insight from Clarksons shows that 9 percent of the existing fleet capacity is able to run on alternative fuels, while approximately 25 percent of the vessels have integrated energy-saving technology. The most prominent fuel in the existing fleet is LNG with some projects in the making exploring methanol. The cruise industry is pushing forward with the uptake of alternative fuels as part of its decarbonization efforts, with 65 percent of the current orderbook being capable of running on alternative fuels, data from Clarksons shows. Most notably, Finnish shipbuilding company Meyer Turku is building methanol-ready cruise ship for Royal Caribbean’s TUI Cruises, Mein Schiff 7. It will be built so that it can run on methanol in the future. In addition, Disney Cruise Line has acquired the cruise ship Global Dream, currently under construction at German shipyard Meyer Werft, which will be one of the first in the cruise industry to be powered by green methanol.

严重的干旱迫使巴拿马运河实施更加严格的航运限制，来往的集装箱船在通过运河时必须减轻装载并支付更高的费用，这意味着今年夏天通过该运河运输货物的成本将进一步上涨。据巴拿马运河管理局发言人Octavio Colindes表示，从5月24日开始，以新巴拿马型船舶为例，最大吃水从此前限制的45英尺调整到44.5英尺（13.56米）。5月30日，吃水深度限制将进一步提升至44英尺。虽然这看起来只是一个小变化，但它可能会使一些集装箱船的载货量减少40%。为应对运河限制，至少有四家海运公司宣布从6月1日起实施重量限制，或对每个集装箱征收300至500美元的费用。随着限制措施的增加，更多船公司可能会效仿。

A severe drought impacting the Panama Canal is compelling the container vessels to lighten loads and pay a higher rate, with further increases in the cost of shipping cargo via the canal expected this year in summer. Starting from 24 May, Neo-Panamax vessels — the largest vessels that transit the waterway — will be permitted drafts of up to 44.5 feet, down from an already restricted 45 feet, per the canal spokesman Octavio Colindres. The draft limit is going to decline to 44 feet on 30 May. While this seems to be a minor change, it could also translate to 40% less cargo regarding some containership. At least four ocean carriers have declared weight limits or imposed container fees ranging from $300 to $500 per box effective 1 June in response to the measures adopted by the canal’s measures. Additional carriers are likely to follow suit as these restrictions keep ramping up.